Paper Title
VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN CHARLES BONNET SYNDROME: AN OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS OF PATIENT EXPERIENCES

Abstract
Abstract - Background: Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is a rare condition defined as simple or complex visual hallucinations in persons with diminished vision. While the phenomenon of visual hallucinations in CBS is well-documented, there are limited workd done as a comprehensive observational analysis of the experiences of affected patients. Methods: This observational study intended to explore the characteristics, prevalence, and patterns of visual hallucinations in CBS by performing organized interviews with 250 individuals of age 18 and abovefrom multiple healthcare facilities diagnosed diminished vision and evaluated for the occurrence of Visual Hallucination, and their characteristics, frequency, and content. Results: The findings of this study reveal different range of visual hallucinatory experiences in CBS patients. Patterns included were geometric patterns, vividly colored objects, vivid and intricate imagery,miniature people or animals, including people, animals, 2D or 3D objectsand inanimate objects. The prevalence of visual hallucinations was found to be with 4-5%. The duration and frequency of hallucinations varied widely among individuals, with some experiencing them on a daily basis, while others had infrequent episodes. Discussion: CBS, visual hallucinations found in near blind patients, where the causes of decrease in Vision ranged from Macular Degeneration, Diabetic Retinopathy, Cataract and Glaucoma, Our observational analysis underscores the significant impact of visual hallucinations on the lives of CBS patients, highlighting the need for greater awareness and understanding of this condition among healthcare providers. The study also sheds light on the potential psychosocial implications of CBS, as participants reported feelings of confusion, anxiety, and a desire to conceal their hallucinatory experiences from others. Conclusion: Visual Hallucinations in Charles Bonnet Syndrome remain a complex and underexplored aspect of this condition. This study, based on interviews with 250 CBS patients, offers valuable insights into the diversity and prevalence of hallucinatory experiences in this population. Increased recognition of the spectrum of visual hallucinations in CBS can aid in improving diagnostic accuracy, providing better patient care, and fostering a more supportive environment for those affected by this unique and often challenging condition. Further research is warranted to explore the neurological mechanisms underlying these hallucinations and to develop targeted interventions to alleviate the distress they may cause. Keywords - Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS), Visual Hallucination, Macular Degeneration, Diabetic Retinopathy, Cataract and Glaucoma