Paper Title
METAMATERIAL ABSORBER-BASED SENSOR FOR DISCRIMINATION OF TRANSFORMER OILS AND MICROFLUIDICS

Abstract
This paperintroduces a novel metamaterial-absorber-based sensor for the discrimination of transformer oils and microfluidics. This sensor is used to distinguish fresh oil and contaminatedhighly aged transformer oil, branded and unbranded diesel, and to detect other microfluidics samples such as olive oil, corn oil, palm oil and sunflower oil. This structure incorporates a ‘quad-double arrow-shaped’ resonator in the X frequency band. The structure attained polarization-insensitive and wide-angle characteristics with more than 90 % absorption in the band of 8.65 GHz to 8.85 GHz. However, in designing the Sensor, an encapsulating layer of FR-4 acts as a sensor layer in which a ‘hole of 3mm diameter’ is created to insert the liquid inside the chamber. The meta-sensor shows the 80 MHz phase shift between the reflection coefficient of clear and dark transformer oil, branded and unbranded diesel, 136 MHZ for corn and olive oil, and 52 MHz for sunflower and palm oil. Hence, it detects the different oils satisfactorily. The sensor can identify the adulteration by using the variations in the reflection coefficient caused by the difference in the dielectric constant of both types of transformer oils and other mentioned microfluidics. The study incorporates the analysis of absorptivity, normalized input impedance, parametric study, and the structure's sensing mechanism. The proposed structure can be used for adulteration detection and biomedical applications. Keywords - Meta-absorber, Meta-sensor, Microfluidics, Transformer oil sensor, X band