Paper Title
Enhancing Water Efficiency and Productivity of Punjab’s Agriculture

Abstract
Punjab faces groundwater depletion after the Green Revolution, primarily due to the rise in water-intensive crop cultivation. From 1970 to 2018, groundwater extraction increased from 30 to 39 billion cubic meters annually, while recharge rates remained at only 17 billion cubic meters. This unsustainable practice, alongside the overuse of tube wells, has caused groundwater levels to drop by approximately 1 meter per year in many areas.This study aims to enhance water efficiency and productivity in Punjab's agriculture by integrating innovative technologies and sustainable practices. Key strategies include the adoption of drip and sprinkler irrigation systems, which significantly reduce water wastage compared to traditional flood irrigation. Furthermore, promoting the cultivation of drought-resistant crop varieties and implementing precision farming techniques can optimize resource use. The research also emphasizes the importance of farmer education and community involvement in water management initiatives. Policymakers are encouraged to develop incentives for water conservation practices and to invest in infrastructure that supports efficient water distribution. Additionally, establishing a comprehensive monitoring system for water usage can help track progress and ensure accountability. This study underscores the need for a multi-stakeholder approach that includes government, farmers, and NGOs to create a sustainable agricultural framework. By enhancing water efficiency, Punjab can not only secure its agricultural output but also contribute to the broader goals of sustainability and food security. Keywords - Ground-water depletion, Feasibility, Market-driven solutions and Sustainability.