Paper Title
IoT-Based Automatic Braking and Battery Monitoring System for Single-Wheel Vehicles: Design, Implementation, and Performance Evaluation

Abstract
This paper presents the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of a mechatronics system aimed at enhancing the safety and efficiency of single-wheel vehicles. The system integrates two primary functions: an automatic braking system (ABS) and an IoT-based battery monitoring system (BMS). The ABS utilizes an ultrasonic sensor and an ESP32-CAM for redundant obstacle detection, actuating a mechanical braking mechanism via a servo motor to prevent collisions. The BMS continuously tracks battery voltage and temperature, transmitting data to the Blynk application via Wi-Fi for real-time monitoring and failure prediction. Experimental results demonstrate an obstacle detection range of up to 2 meters with the ultrasonic sensor, a braking response time of 150 milliseconds, and a braking distance of 0.8 meters from an initial speed of 1 m/s. Battery voltage measurements exhibit an accuracy of ±0.1V. The system provides a practical and cost-effective solution for improving the operational reliability and safety of single-wheel vehicles. This work was completed as part of the M.Tech program in Mechatronics Engineering at SRM Institute of Science and Technology.