Paper Title
Frequency Stabilization of an Isolated Hybrid Power System Using A Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm

Abstract
The increasing global demand for electricity has driven a parallel expansion of Isolated Hybrid Power Systems (IHPS) that combine renewable and non-renewable energy sources to serve remote communities without grid access. While these systems offer significant environmental and economic advantages, they are inherently susceptible to frequency fluctuations caused by the stochastic generation profiles of solar and wind resources, compounded by unpredictable load variations. This paper introduces an intelligent control architecture that integrates both a conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller and an advanced Tilted-Integral-Derivative (TID) controller, with both controllers tuned using the parameter-free, mathematically transparent Rao-3 optimization algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed framework substantially improves frequency regulation performance, reduces transient oscillations, and maintains system robustness across a wide range of disturbance scenarios. Keywords - Isolated Hybrid Power System (IHPS), Load Frequency Control (LFC), Rao-3 Algorithm, Tilted-Integral-Derivative (TID) Controller, PID Controller, Renewable Energy, Frequency Stability, ITAE Minimization