Paper Title
Effect of Flux Accumulation on Weld Bead during Single Pass Submerged Arc Welding process of Mild Steel plate using Finite Element approach

Abstract
In submerged arc welding (SAW) process the mode of heat transfer during and after weld is through conduction, convection and radiation but major of heat loss is by conduction and convection which acts as a major phenomenon for the change of microstructure of weld bead and base metal. Simulation of welding process by numerical approach is a cost effective technique for the analysis of welding process. In this paper, submerged arc welding of mild steel plates of dimension 100x10x300 mm3 is studied. The finite element analysis of the temperature distribution in 3 different volumetric flux percentage used (33%,66%,100%) is analysed using MSC Marc (R) 2013 software. The analysis includes a finite element model for the thermal welding simulation including a double ellipsoidal moving heat source, material deposit, temperature dependent material properties and transient heat transfer. For the filler metal deposition Element birth and death technique is employed reducing the computational time for the simulation. The peak temperature is also attained at different points during the filler metal deposition form the weld centre line. It was predicted that the presence of flux as a blanket have a significant effect on the cooling time of weld bead and base metal. The temperature drop occurred after welding affects the material microstructural properties. Keywords - MS PLATE, SAW process, Flux, Cooling time, Finite Element method, Birth and death technique, temperature distribution,.