Paper Title
Performance Demands and Advancements in Automotive Lead Acid Battery

Abstract
Eco-Friendly Automobiles with idling start stop system (ISS) are increasingly attracting attention recently and the market of ISS automobiles is expanding worldwide. ISS automobile frequently Starts and Stops engine supplying electric power from the battery to electrical components while the engine is shut off and enables regenerative charging through alternator during travelling. The demand from new generation automobiles is in different degree in terms of fuel efficiency, starting from start-stop function. Although hybrid electric vehicle appears to be the destination in current technology domain, the automobile industry is looking out more cost effective sustainable solution models at this moment particularly for developing countries. Therefore, the battery should deliver enhanced performance in many aspects compared to the conventional SLI flooded battery. Certain specific requirements are Dynamic charge acceptance (DCA), Water consumption and Start-stop life cycle. This study details the requirements of micro hybrid vehicles and its impact on flooded battery performance requirements, failure modes and hence the approach required in order to achieve the required level of performance. The approach involves modification in positive electrode, negative electrode, a proper balance in material ratios and aspects which can reduce the impact of stratification are discussed.