Paper Title
Biochemical and Molecular Study in Diabetic Infertile Males

Abstract
As per the statement by World Health Organization, Infertility is presence of a medical condition of the couple with inability in getting conceivedfor 1 year or more without usage of any contraception. In the present situation, the incidence of Infertility has increased and it is viewed as a major concern with affecting about 15% to 20% of the couples. A detailed systematic examination of history, investigative protocol is necessary for proper management of infertility. The patients were also advised for blood hormonal analysis tests such as Follicle Stimulation Hormone (FSH), Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Prolactin.Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) are thekey enzymes in folate metabolism. The enzyme activities of MTHFR and MTRR are influenced by gene polymorphisms. So the polymorphisms of MTHFR andMTRR may be a potentialrisk factor for male infertility.The present study was done in 100 males, 50 diabetic infertile and 50 non-diabetic fertile men.Semen samples were obtained and analyzed as per the instructions given in the WHO manual for semen analysis [10].A blood sample was collected and analyzed for the levels of FBS, FSH, LH, Prolactin and Testosterone.The results were arranged in suitable tables for analysis under the relevant headings. The results were averaged as (mean ± standard deviation) for each parameter subgroups separately. Total genomic DNA was extractedfrom blood sample.The MTHFRC677T polymorphism was analyzed by polymerasechain reaction (PCR). The amplification protocol was also followed. The test results from the PCR for both polymorphisms were confirmed byRFLP/PCR using restriction enzymes HinfI and MboII. The digestion products were evaluated andthen the genotype was determined.Each genotype determined by electrophoresis was evaluated by DNA sequencing forverification.Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package, version 20.The analysis confirms that there is a significant decrease in the normal Sperm morphology, count and motility of the infertile group when compared to normal non-diabetic fertile males. FBS, FSH, LH and Prolactin were found to be increased while the levels of Testosterone observed to be reduced. With regard to thefrequencies of the 2 genotypes and alleles of MTHFR A1298C, there were no statisticallysignificant differences between the patient group and the control group. KEYWORDS - Diabetic infertile, biochemical, semen analysis, FSH, LH, FBS, Prolactin, Testosterone, MTHFR.